Bulgarian
fauna
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Name & Conservation status
English name:
Brown Trout
Latin name:
Salmo trutta fario
In the language of the given country:
Балканска пъстърва
Conservation status:
NT - Near Threatened
Taxonomy
Regnum:
Animalia
Phylum:
Chordata
Classis:
Actinopterygii
Ordo:
Salmoniformes
Familia:
Salmonidae
Genus:
Salmo
Description
The Brown Trout is a typical cold water fish. Its habitats are the fast flowing rivers whose waters are highly saturated with oxygen. The Brown Trout spawns from the end of September to the beginning of January. During this period it swims upstream. The young trout feeds on insect larvae while the adult trout often feeds on small fishes. In the Central Balkan National Park this species is widely distributed. The population of the Brown Trout in the Park is of national significance.
Name & Conservation status
English name:
Imperial eagle
Latin name:
Aquila heliaca
In the language of the given country:
Царски орел
Conservation status:
CR - Critically Endangered
Taxonomy
Regnum:
Animalia
Phylum:
Chordata
Classis:
Aves
Ordo:
Accipitriformes
Familia:
Accipitridae
Genus:
Aquila
Description
This is one of the most impressive predatory birds.With a wing span up to 220 cm this is the largest of the eagles. It builds its nest on single trees. From their tops it can easily observe the meadows. The nest of the Imperial Eagle has gigantic sizes –some 180 cm in diameter. In them it grows 1 to 3 chicks for 65-77 days. Its most common prey is the European souslik. Sometimes it also attacks quails.The species is protected by the Bulgarian Biodiversity Act.
Name & Conservation status
English name:
Pine Marten
Latin name:
Martes martes
In the language of the given country:
Златка
Conservation status:
EN - Endangered
Taxonomy
Regnum:
Animalia
Phylum:
Chordata
Classis:
Mammalia
Ordo:
Carnivora
Familia:
Mustelidae
Genus:
Martes
Description
The pine marten is a typically forest animal. Its coloration is brownish. On its chest and beard it has a light spot. The pine marten has a long fluffy tail. It makes its lairs in the hollows of the trees, under big rocks, caves, etc. The pine marten is active at night. It climbs very well. It feeds on mouse-like rodents, birds, lizards, frogs, insects, and in winter –even squirrels. The pine marten wanders most of the time.
Name & Conservation status
English name:
Chamois
Latin name:
Rupicapra rupicapra
In the language of the given country:
Дива коза
Conservation status:
EN - Endangered
Taxonomy
Regnum:
Animalia
Phylum:
Chordata
Classis:
Mammalia
Ordo:
Artiodactyla
Familia:
Bovidae
Genus:
Rupicapra
Description
The chamois has reddish-brown fur, which becomes dark brown in winter. The coloration on the muzzle is black and white and there is a specific black strip along the whole back. Both sexes are horned. The horns of the males are larger and with ends pointing downwards, unlike the females whose horns are bent backwards. The chamois is active during the day. It climbs on the rocks and jumps perfectly. The males attract the females by the strong musk odour. The Chamois occurs in rocky inaccessible habitats.
Name & Conservation status
English name:
Brown bear
Latin name:
Ursus arctos
In the language of the given country:
Кафява мечка
Conservation status:
EN - Endangered
Taxonomy
Regnum:
Animalia
Phylum:
Chordata
Classis:
Mammalia
Ordo:
Carnivora
Familia:
Ursidae
Genus:
Ursus
Description
The brown bear is the Lord of the mountain and the symbol of The Central Balkan National Park. The males can reach 350 kg of weigh and live up to 30 years. They inhabit the forests but often visit the mountain pastures. The hibernation of the brown bear during the winter is a myth –only the pregnant females hibernate in the coldest winters.Bulgaria is inhabited by some 800 brown bears, which make the core of the South European population of the species. The Central Balkan National Park shelters some 200 brown bears.
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